ETHYLHEXYL SALICYLATE

EU 1223/2009 Annex VI — SCCS opinion: Opinion on 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate

Definition and General Characterization Salicylic Acid (Figure 1), an aromatic monohydroxybenzoic acid (specifically, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid) is a colorless, crystalline organic acid that can be derived from salicin (a β-glucoside in willow bark). The rest of the ingredients in this report (salicylates) are esters or salts of Salicylic Acid (Figure 2). However, there is one exception, Capryloyl Salicylic Acid (Figure 3), wherein the ester is actually the product of caprylic acid and the phenolic hydroxyl group of Salicylic Acid. As such, this compound is chemically more akin to aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) than to the salicylate carboxyl esters. The definitions of the salicylates reviewed in this safety assessment are included in Table 1. Figure 1. Salicylic Acid Figure 2. Salicylates generic structure (wherein R is a salt cation or an alcohol residue), and examples: Calcium Salicylate and Ethylhexyl Salicylate  Distributed for Comment Only -- Do Note Cite or Quote Figure 3. Capryloyl Salicylic Acid Chemical and Physical Properties Chemical and physical properties of Salicylic Acid and salicylates (salts and esters) are presented in Table 2.6,7,8,9 Method of Manufacture Amyl Salicylate Amyl Salicylate can be synthesized by heating a mixture of Salicylic Acid, n-amyl alcohol, and concentrated sulfuric acid under a reflux condenser for approximately 4 h.10 After the unreacted alcohol had been removed by distillation at atmospheric pressure, the residue is washed with 10% aqueous potassium carbonate and dissolved in ether, and the ether solution is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The high-boiling material that remains after removal of the ether is fractionated under reduced pressure. The Amyl Salicylate fraction boils at 116 to 121ºC and 1.4 mmHg. According to … [kırpıldı — bölüm toplam 11244 karakter]

Definition and General Characterization Salicylic Acid (Figure 1), an aromatic monohydroxybenzoic acid (specifically, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid) is a colorless, crystalline organic acid that can be derived from salicin (a β-glucoside in willow bark).6 The rest of the ingredients in this report (salicylates) are esters or salts of Salicylic Acid (Figure 2). The definitions of the salicylates reviewed in this safety assessment are included in Table 1. Figure 1. Salicylic Acid Figure 2. Salicylates generic structure (wherein R is a salt cation or an alcohol residue), and examples: Calcium Salicylate and Ethylhexyl Salicylate Chemical and Physical Properties The molecular weight of Salicylic Acid is 138 Da; its corresponding salts have formula weights from 160 to 298 Da. The acid and salts are solids at standard temperature and pressure (STP). The molecular weights are as small as 152 Da, and go up to 390 Da. These esters are liquids at STP and are acidic due to the phenolic hydroxyl group. The chemical and physical properties of Salicylic Acid and salicylates (salts and esters) are presented in Table 2.7,8,9,10,11,12 Method of Manufacture Amyl Salicylate Amyl Salicylate can be synthesized by heating a mixture of Salicylic Acid, n-amyl alcohol, and concentrated sulfuric acid under a reflux condenser for approximately 4 h.13 After the unreacted alcohol has been removed by distillation at atmospheric pressure, the residue is washed with 10% aqueous potassium carbonate and dissolved in ether, and the ether solution is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The high-boiling material that remains after removal of the ether is fractionated under reduced pressure. The Amyl Salicylate fraction boils at 116 to 121ºC and 1.4 mm Hg. According to … [kırpıldı — bölüm toplam 14848 karakter]

Definition and General Characterization Salicylic Acid, a lipophilic mono-β-hydroxybenzoic acid, is a colorless, crystalline organic acid that can be derived from salicin (a β-glucoside in willow bark; similar to aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid); Figure 1). The rest of the ingredients in this report (salicylates) are esters or salts comprising, in part, Salicylic Acid (Figure 2). However, there is one exception, Capryloyl Salicylic Acid (Figure 3), wherein the ester is actually the product of caprylic acid and the hydroxyl group of Salicylic Acid. The definitions of the salicylates that are being reviewed in this safety assessment are included in Table 1. Figure 1. Salicylic Acid Figure 2. Salicylates generic structure (wherein R is a salt cation or an alcohol residue), and examples: Calcium Salicylate and Ethylhexyl Salicylate Figure 3. Capryloyl Salicylic Acid Chemical and Physical Properties Chemical and physical properties of Salicylic Acid and salicylates are presented in Table 2.4,5,6,7 Silver Salicylate Silver Silicylate is a promoter in the classical Koenigs-Knorr reaction for the synthesis of glycosides.8  Distributed for comment only -- do not cite or quote Method of Manufacture Amyl Salicylate According to one method in the literature, the production of primary normal Amyl Salicylate, a mixture of Salicylic Acid, primary normal amyl alcohol, and concentrated sulfuric acid is heated under a reflux condenser for approximately 4 h.9 After the unreacted alcohol had been removed by distillation at atmospheric pressure, the residue is washed with 10% potassium carbonate and dissolved in ether, and the ether solution is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The high-boiling … [kırpıldı — bölüm toplam 7685 karakter]

Acute Toxicity Studies Dermal Ethylhexyl Salicylate Undiluted Ethylhexyl Salicylate was applied (under occlusion) to intact or abraded skin of 4 rabbits for 24 h.4 The animals were observed for mortality and/or clinical signs for a 14-day period. No clinical signs were observed. The dermal LD50 in rabbits exceeded 5.0 g/kg. Hexyl Salicylate Ten rabbits received a single dermal application of neat Hexyl Salicylate at 5.0 g/kg.5 The rabbits were observed for mortality and clinical symptoms. No clinical signs were observed. The acute dermal LD50 in rabbits exceeded 5.0 g/kg based on 0/10 deaths at that dose. In another study involving rabbits (number and strain not stated), the acute dermal LD50 for Hexyl Salicylate (concentration not stated) was > 5 g/kg.33 Methyl Salicylate A single dermal application of neat Methyl Salicylate at 5 g/kg was applied for 24 h under occlusion.6 Animals were observed for a 14-day period. No clinical signs were observed. The dermal LD50 in rabbits exceeded 5 g/kg based on 1/10 deaths at that dose. Butyloctyl Salicylate, Methyl Salicylate, Salicylic Acid, and Tridecyl Salicylate Little acute toxicity (LD50 in rats; > 2 g/kg) via a dermal exposure route is seen for Butyloctyl Salicylate, Methyl Salicylate, Salicylic Acid, and Tridecyl Salicylate.1 These compare with oral LD50 values for Salicylic Acid in rats ranging from a low of 0.891 g/kg to a high of 1.58 g/kg; for Sodium Salicylate, between 0.9 g/kg and 1.7 g/kg; for Isodecyl Salicylate, no toxicity at levels as high as 4.83 g/kg; for Methyl Salicylate, between 0.887 g/kg and 1.25 g/kg; for Ethylhexyl (Octyl) Salicylate, > 2 g/kg; for Tridecyl Salicylate, > 1.98 g/kg; and for Butyloctyl Salicylate, > 5 g/kg. Values for acute oral toxicity in other species are consistent with these values. Oral Ethylhexyl Salicylate The acute oral LD50 of Ethylhexyl Salicylate exceeded 5.0 g/kg based on 1/10 deaths at that dose.4 Animals (rats … [kırpıldı — bölüm toplam 13183 karakter]

Butyloctyl Salicylate, Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Isodecyl Salicylate, Methyl Salicylate, Salicylic Acid, Sodium Salicylate, and Tridecyl Salicylate Studies on the genotoxic potential of Butyloctyl Salicylate, Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Isodecyl Salicylate, Methyl Salicylate, Salicylic Acid, Sodium Salicylate, and Tridecyl Salicylate are negative, except that Salicylic Acid is positive in a B. subtilis rec assay (negative in seven other bacterial tests and one mammalian test); Methyl Salicylate is positive in S. typhimurium strains TA98, and TA100 with metabolic activation (negative in in 2 other Ames tests); and Sodium Salicylate is positive in an in vivo chromosome aberration study in mice (negative SCE in vivo in mice, and in 4 in vitro test systems).1

Cited by 45. Metabolomic profiling of the hexacoral Pocillopora damicornis exposed to solar filters revealed a metabolomic signature of stress in this coral. It was demonstrated that the concentration of the known steroid (3β, 5α, 8α) -5, 8-epidioxy- ergosta- 6, 24(28) - dien- 3- ol (14) increased in response to octocrylene (OC) and ethylhexyl salicylate (ES) at 50 µg/L. Based on the overall coral response, we

EPA ToxValDB skin/eye data — endpoint: Skin Irritation, classification: Category 6.3A (Category 2). Caveat: this is an aggregated record; dose, species and route of exposure must be considered together.